人类的种属（英汉对照）(8)

从某种意义上说，这种关于人性的假设跟启蒙思想和亚当斯密的古典经济学密不可分，启蒙运动永恒的主题就是理性和自由，为了反抗中世纪将人的欲望看作是恶的并应因此而悔罪和放弃欲望，启蒙思想家假设了人的一部分欲望是合理的，唯一不可取的是人类诉诸非法和不道德的手段去满足他的欲望，相较之下，一个人出卖自己的劳动力去换取物质回报，进而以此来满足自己的欲望则被看作是可取的。另一方面，亚当斯密的理论认为在一个法制健全的国家里，自私利己、需要钱去满足自己欲望的人在没有其他合法的手段能搞到钱的情况下，只能找份工作并为社会贡献自己的价值，当一个人得到的物质回报越多，他对社会的贡献也就越大，只要身处国家之中的每一个人都是自私和贪得无厌的，并循着某种合法的方式去满足它，一个国家就能创造出最大的财富。
I was grown up in a collectivistic environment. Because I have very little in common with the shiftless, undistinguished majority, I have long since been seen as an outcast and driven out of the group of normal men. It pains me to think that everybody else is normal, whereas I am morbid. When I was rejected and marginalized at an early age, I felt myself being humbled to nothingness and even subjectively worse than a beggar. With the enrichment of my knowledge and life experience, I realized that although humans inherited instincts and desires from lower animals, (if Darwin’s theory of evolution is true), they are more than any animals. It is undeniable that appetite and sexual desire are the utmost driving force of the vast majority to survive, yet none of us can thus make an universal judgment to say that human beings live to satisfy these needs. Even if those ones study definitely not for fame and gain are few and far between, this kind of people do exist in real life; shiftless ones are the overwhelming majority, they can’t speak for everyone. Nobody could have denied that I can also live a wonderful life even if I was treated as an outsider. In my eyes, They are much more close to animals, whereas it is me who truly embodied the indispensable factors of a man: a kind of spiritual enrichment kept at all times.