《贝伦和露西恩》研读笔记1 故事的北欧原型(2)
库勒沃英国在文化上和北欧有着非常密切的联系。斯堪的纳维亚的英雄贝奥武夫的英勇事迹，是迄今为止发现的英国盎格鲁—撒克逊时期最古老、最长的一部较完整的文学作品，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗，完成于公元八世纪左右。托尔金对这个古文献的研究水平业界一流的，这也是他在大学教英国文学的重要授课内容。死后小托整理他的教案出过一本贝奥武夫的书。
附：
1、豆瓣上对托尔金的库勒沃Kullervo这本书的介绍是这样的：
The world first publication of a previously unknown work of fantasy by J.R.R. Tolkien, which tells the powerful story of a doomed young man who is sold into slavery and who swears revenge on the magician who killed his father. Kullervo son of Kalervo is perhaps the darkest and most tragic of all J.R.R. Tolkien's characters. 'Hapless Kullervo', as Tolkien called him, is a luckless orphan boy with supernatural powers and a tragic destiny. Brought up in the homestead of the dark magician Untamo, who killed his father, kidnapped his mother, and who tries three times to kill him when still a boy, Kullervo is alone save for the love of his twin sister, Wanona, and guarded by the magical powers of the black dog, Musti. When Kullervo is sold into slavery he swears revenge on the magician, but he will learn that even at the point of vengeance there is no escape from the cruellest of fates. Tolkien himself said that The Story of Kullervo was 'the germ of my attempt to write legends of my own', and was 'a major matter in the legends of the Frist Age'. Tolkien's Kullervo is the clear ancestor of Turin Turambar, tragic incestuous hero of The Silmarillion. In addition to it being a powerful story in its own right, The Story of Kullervo, published here for the first time with the author's drafts, notes and lecture-essays on its source-work, the Kalevala, is a foundation stone in the structure of Tolkien's invented world.
附：
1、豆瓣上对托尔金的库勒沃Kullervo这本书的介绍是这样的：
The world first publication of a previously unknown work of fantasy by J.R.R. Tolkien, which tells the powerful story of a doomed young man who is sold into slavery and who swears revenge on the magician who killed his father. Kullervo son of Kalervo is perhaps the darkest and most tragic of all J.R.R. Tolkien's characters. 'Hapless Kullervo', as Tolkien called him, is a luckless orphan boy with supernatural powers and a tragic destiny. Brought up in the homestead of the dark magician Untamo, who killed his father, kidnapped his mother, and who tries three times to kill him when still a boy, Kullervo is alone save for the love of his twin sister, Wanona, and guarded by the magical powers of the black dog, Musti. When Kullervo is sold into slavery he swears revenge on the magician, but he will learn that even at the point of vengeance there is no escape from the cruellest of fates. Tolkien himself said that The Story of Kullervo was 'the germ of my attempt to write legends of my own', and was 'a major matter in the legends of the Frist Age'. Tolkien's Kullervo is the clear ancestor of Turin Turambar, tragic incestuous hero of The Silmarillion. In addition to it being a powerful story in its own right, The Story of Kullervo, published here for the first time with the author's drafts, notes and lecture-essays on its source-work, the Kalevala, is a foundation stone in the structure of Tolkien's invented world.
第五人格约瑟夫和卡尔的故事
